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Oracle Identity Manager Authentication Bypass – CVE-2025-61757

Oracle Identity Manager

CVE-2025-61757
Authentication Bypass
Network Attack Vector

Overview

CVE-2025-61757 is a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Oracle Identity Manager (OIM) REST WebServices, part of Oracle Fusion Middleware. Due to a logic flaw, certain sensitive API endpoints can be accessed without authentication, allowing attackers to invoke privileged identity management functions over the network.

Because OIM controls the authentication and provisioning of enterprise accounts, exploitation can result in complete identity takeover across the environment.

Technical Specifications

Attribute Details
CVE ID CVE-2025-61757
Vulnerability Type Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality
Attack Vector Network (HTTP/REST)
Authentication None required
Complexity Low
User Interaction None required
Affected Component Oracle Identity Manager REST API endpoints

Root Cause

  • Authentication filtering mechanism can be bypassed due to lax URI matching or allow-listing logic.
  • Certain endpoints meant for authenticated users can be triggered over HTTP without credentials.

Vulnerability Class

CWE-306 – Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality

Result

Unauthenticated attacker can call privileged identity functions such as: - User provisioning - Role assignment - Attribute modification - Administration functions - Potential privilege escalation to full administrative control

Attack Scenario

  1. Attacker identifies a server hosting Oracle Identity Manager with REST services exposed.
  2. They send a crafted HTTP request to a vulnerable endpoint.
  3. Due to missing authentication on the targeted function, OIM processes the request as if it were valid.
  4. The attacker may:
  5. Create new users with admin privileges
  6. Modify existing accounts
  7. Disable MFA or authentication policies
  8. Trigger workflows or provisioning to downstream systems
  9. With control of identities, the attacker pivots further into the network, gaining access to other key systems.

Impact Assessment

  • Unauthorized access to identity records
  • Access to user data and account credentials
  • Attackers can modify identities, policies, roles, and MFA settings
  • Privilege escalation to full admin
  • Accounts and services may be disabled, locked or deleted
  • Identity infrastructure disruption
  • Compromise of other systems federated via SSO
  • Enterprise-wide lateral movement
  • Large-scale account takeover
  • Loss of control of IAM backbone

Mitigations

🔄 Immediate Actions

  • Apply official Oracle patch from the Oracle October 2025 CPU.

🛡️ If Patching is Delayed

  • Restrict network access to OIM REST endpoints (firewall, segmentation).
  • Disable REST services if not required.
  • Deploy reverse proxy authentication or WAF rules.

📊 Monitoring & Detection

Log and monitor for: - Unexpected unauthenticated REST calls - Account provisioning or role changes from unknown sources - Suspicious API response codes - Sudden creation of privileged accounts

🔒 Hardening

  • Enforce principle of least privilege
  • Ensure administrative APIs are internal-only
  • Require MFA for all privileged accounts
  • Regularly audit user provisioning and access logs

Resources & References

Official & Advisory Resources